An Evaluation of Nurses' Adherence to Pediatric Pain Management Protocols at Lagos State University Teaching Hospital
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Background of the Study
Pain management in pediatric patients is a critical aspect of healthcare, requiring specialized knowledge, skills, and adherence to standardized protocols. Effective pain management in children is essential for their comfort, emotional well-being, and overall recovery. The World Health Organization (WHO, 2024) emphasizes the need for evidence-based approaches, including pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions, to ensure optimal pain relief.
Despite established guidelines, studies indicate that many nurses do not consistently adhere to pediatric pain management protocols due to factors such as inadequate training, misconceptions about pediatric pain perception, and limited resources (Okonkwo et al., 2024). At Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, there is a need to evaluate nurses' compliance with these protocols to ensure that pediatric patients receive the best possible care.
This study will assess nurses’ adherence to pediatric pain management protocols, identify factors influencing compliance, and propose strategies for improving adherence.
Statement of the Problem
Pediatric patients frequently experience pain due to surgical procedures, injuries, or chronic conditions. However, research has shown that children's pain is often underestimated and undertreated in healthcare settings (Adeyemi & Bello, 2024). Poor adherence to pain management protocols can lead to unnecessary suffering, delayed recovery, and increased stress for both children and their caregivers.
At Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, there is limited data on nurses' adherence to pediatric pain management guidelines. Without a systematic evaluation, gaps in practice may go unaddressed, compromising the quality of care provided to pediatric patients. This study seeks to examine the level of adherence to pediatric pain management protocols and identify factors influencing nurses' compliance.
Objectives of the Study
- To assess nurses’ adherence to pediatric pain management protocols at Lagos State University Teaching Hospital.
- To examine factors influencing nurses’ compliance with pediatric pain management guidelines.
- To propose strategies for improving adherence to pediatric pain management protocols.
Research Questions
- What is the level of nurses’ adherence to pediatric pain management protocols?
- What factors influence nurses’ compliance with pediatric pain management guidelines?
- What strategies can be implemented to improve adherence to pediatric pain management protocols?
Research Hypotheses
H₀: Nurses at Lagos State University Teaching Hospital do not adhere to pediatric pain management protocols.
H₁: Nurses at Lagos State University Teaching Hospital adhere to pediatric pain management protocols.
H₀: There are no significant factors influencing nurses' compliance with pediatric pain management guidelines.
H₁: Significant factors influence nurses' compliance with pediatric pain management guidelines.
H₀: Implementation of targeted interventions will not improve adherence to pediatric pain management protocols.
H₁: Implementation of targeted interventions will improve adherence to pediatric pain management protocols.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study will focus on nurses working in pediatric units, emergency departments, and surgical wards at Lagos State University Teaching Hospital. Limitations may include variations in individual nurse training and availability of pain management resources.
Definitions of Terms
- Pediatric Pain Management – The process of assessing and treating pain in children using pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods.
- Adherence – The extent to which nurses follow established pediatric pain management protocols.
- Pain Management Protocols – Standardized guidelines used by healthcare providers to ensure effective pain relief in pediatric patients.
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